Another way of thinking about pressure is to imagine yourself pushing on an object with your finger or with the palm of your hand. Pushing on the top of a glass of water is putting pressure on the water. But if the glass is full of water, there is no way you can fit more water into the cup - no matter how hard you squeeze! Since liquid is incompressible, applying a force (for example, a push or a pull) to one end of a hydraulic system transmits (passes along) the force through the liquid to the other end.Ī force spread out over an area, or a force divided by an area, is called pressure. For example, if you have a cup filled with marshmallows, you can fit even more marshmallows into the cup by compressing (squeezing) the marshmallows together. Why use a liquid to move things, instead of, say, air? One important reason is that a liquid is incompressible, which means that if you press on it, you cannot change its volume. In engineering, one application of hydraulics is using liquids, like water and oil, to move things. Hydraulics is the study of liquids and their mechanical properties: for instance, how they move, resist movement, act when subject to pressure, and so forth. And in all of these examples, the ability is due to the power of hydraulics. What do a wheelchair lift, an excavator at a construction site, and a dentist's chair have in common? The ability to lift a heavy load.
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